Fedora,CentOS, Redhat

Type the following command to get list of all installed software

# rpm -qa | less 

# yum list installed


Debian,Ubuntu

# dpkg --get-selections

Gentoo Linux

# qlist -I

SUSE Linux

# zypper -l

FreeBSD,OpenBSD, Solaris

# pkg_info | less

AIX

# lspp

MAC

# pkgutil --pkgs

BeagleBoard’s BeagleBone development board is targeted at the open-source hardware community, which includes hobbyists and engineers writing code for hardware with open-source specifications. Some BeagleBoard projects include bringing Linux-based Android and Ubuntu operating systems to its hardware.

The BeagleBone runs a full version of Linux and a full-featured web server, BeagleBoard said in a statement. The board is based on Texas Instruments’ $5 Sitara AM335x ARM Cortex-A8 processor, which can deliver 720MHz of performance. TI announced the processor on Monday.

The board may not be for use in smartphones, tablets or PCs, said Jim McGregor, chief technology strategist at In-Stat. It is mostly for embedded systems running specific applications, and could also be used in audio-visual systems and projectors.

One device developed around the board is the Smart Pill Box, which is a device that lets off an alarm at a specific time to remind Alzheimer’s patients to take medicine.

The open-source boards are cheap to implement, and a lot of development is based on the ARM processor and Linux OS, McGregor said. Decades of development around Linux for open-source hardware has created some easy-to-implement applications for devices.

Despite some experimentation, open-source hardware may not reach smartphones and tablets soon, McGregor said. Hardware requirements for those devices are much more demanding and dynamic, and devices makers prefer to implement their own chip designs. But the possibilities are exciting, and some of the latest chips from companies like Qualcomm include the latest graphics and communication capabilities, McGregor said.

Other open-source projects include OpenCores, which hosts open-source processing cores, the microcontroller-based Arduino, and Bug Labs, which offers hardware for devices such as wireless devices and cameras.

The BeagleBone measures 3.4 inches by 2.1 inches (8.6 centimeters by 5.3 centimeters). It has Gigabit Ethernet, 3D graphics, USB 2.0 and microSD controllers.

I have installed the RHEL 5.7 (64 bit)using all the development tools and libraries.  Partition is default partition.

Basic installation is straight forward.

Click here for download the Oracle 11g Express Edition. Now oracle releasing the 64 bit version only.

After the download Unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip.

#unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip

This will create the directory Disk1. Change to the Disk1 directory:

# cd Disk1

#ls

oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm  response  upgrade

Install the rpm using rpm -ivh oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm  Preparing…                ########################################### [100%]     1:oracle-xe              ########################################### [100%]

Executing post-install steps…

You must run ’/etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure’ as the root user to configure the database.

Configure 11g XE Database and Option

# /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Configuration

————————————————-

This will configure on-boot properties of Oracle Database 11g Express  Edition.  The following questions will determine whether the database should  be starting upon system boot, the ports it will use, and the passwords that  will be used for database accounts.  Press <enter> to accept the defaults.

Ctrl-C will abort.

Specify the HTTP port that will be used for Oracle Application Express [8080]: Specify a port that will be used for the database listener [1521]: Specify a password to be used for database accounts.  Note that the same  password will be used for SYS and SYSTEM.  Oracle recommends the use of  different passwords for each database account.  This can be done after

initial configuration:

Confirm the password:

Do you want Oracle Database 11g Express Edition to be started on boot (y/n) [y]:y

Starting Oracle Net Listener…Done

Configuring database…Done

Starting Oracle Database 11g Express Edition instance…Done

Installation completed successfully.</enter>

The installation created the directory /u01 under which Oracle XE is installed.

To set the required Oracle environment variables, use the oracle_env.sh the script included under cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin

# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin
To set the environment for your current session run

#./oracle_env.sh
To set the environment permanently for users, add the following to the .bashrc or .bash_profile of the users you want to access the environment:

#su 0racle

$vim .bash_profile

add the following entries

. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh
You should now be able to access SQL*Plus

Your primary understanding is that Windows XP is an old operating system and makes some important ignorant assumptions.

The first assumption is that Windows was a proprietary computer operating system produced by a Corporation that wanted a monopoly control of the computer operating system market. This meant that it would

Assume that it was going to be the only operating system of the computer

And assume that it need no capacities to recognize the presence of any other operating system or file system.

This first assumption that Windows would be the only operating system of the computer means that you have to install a boot record and a bios that establishes that this computer is “compatible” rather than name the more efficient modern setting.

The second assumption means that you have to make sure that Windows is installed in the first true partition right at the front of the cylinder. You can install Linux in a logical partition behind that on the hard drive.

Linux is a modern computer operating system and is adaptable to its environment and is produced in a way that it recognizes other computer operating systems on the hard drive and it can install itself anywhere.

Your secondary understanding is that you will have to first install Linux to prepare the hard drive if such a way as that there is a NTFS formatted partition in your very first primary, (first) partition, i.e. /dev/sda1. This is for windows to reside in. Part of the secondary understanding is that you don’t install all the bells and whistles with this Linux installation because you are going to nuke the boot record when you install Windows into the partition. This is no problem because then you will install Linux a second time and then it will create the boot record in grub and make everything happy.

Part of the secondary understanding is that you will install Linux for the primary purpose of downloading gparted, a partition manager, and move your partitions around if you want to save your data or whatever. I have a better idea.

By far better idea is that you do what I ended up doing which is to

— Boot from a live Linux disk.

— backup your data to a thumb drive or USB drive.

— Boot from a live Linux disk

— just nuke and repartition your hard drive so

— there is an empty NTFS Partition at /dev/sda1.

— Make sure that the setting for your bios is set to “’compatible” this is the reason (for probably about 24 failed Windows installs where Windows simply couldn’t see the partitions I was making for it. I am not exaggerating the number of failed attempts)
— Install Linux lightly into the first part of a logical extension making room for a swap drive that is twice the size your RAM memory

— Make sure the boot flag on the partition that Windows will reside is set to “boot”

— Reboot with the Windows disk that you have. It will now see where it is supposed to go, being completely blind to everything that’s in the logical extension. As long as you don’t choose to format your hard drive all the damage that Windows will do will be to put Windows on your computer. That is enough.

— During the install leave the room and do something fun because looking back at the computer while Windows is installing can make you crazy.

— Reboot into Windows and there is something that you will do here but I will NOT mention here for clarity but I will make an endnote containing that information.

— Setup Windows to please yourself.

— reboot from the live Linux distribution.

— Install Linux. It will ask you about whether you want to just install it along with an operating system or not. I hope it is not necessary for me to answer that question for you.

— At this time Linux will rewrite the boot data so from then on when you start a computer you can hit escape and get that menu that let you choose whether you want to run Windows or a modern operating system.

— Now what you’ll want to do if you don’t have the CD that came with the computer with the drivers for your laptop is to Ethernet cable connect your laptop to a computer with an Internet connection. Go to your laptop manufacturer’s website and download the drivers for the Windows operating system wireless app. Then when you reboot into Windows with that installed you can connect to the Internet and get all the rest of the drivers and whenever you want in the way of apps.

root@sahab-desktop# netstat -n|grep :80|awk {‘print $5′}|awk -F: {‘print $1′}>netlist;for i in `sort -u netlist` ;do echo -n$i”->”;grep -c $i netlist; done;

How to remove frozen messages from mail queue?(exim)

This command will help you to remove the frozen messages from the mail queue.

exim -bp|grep ‘*** frozen ***’ |awk {‘print $3′} |xargs exim -Mrm

Command to find all of the files which have been accessed within the last 10 days

The following command will find all of the files which have been accessed within the last 10 days

find / -type f -atime -10 > Monthname.files

This command will find all the files under root, which is ‘/’, with file type is file. ‘-atime -30′ will give all the files accessed less than 10 days ago. And the output will put into a file call Monthname.files.

Find and Remove the editor backup files

find . -name ‘*~’ -type f -print

find . -name ‘*~’ -type f -print |xargs rm -f

Why is Linux important?

Because it is free software, licensed under the GNU General Public License, Linux obviates the need for programmers to keep reinventing the operations layer with each new project. To wax metaphorical, the GNU family of tools provide royalty-free bricks and mortar with which to begin building independent projects. Critics of free software often voice fears that the freedoms and low cost of free software will lead to economic disaster for the computing sector. However, it is just as likely — if not more likely — that free software will do for the world of computing what Gutenberg’s printing press did for the world of Letters.

• TheGNU General Public License explains what freedoms and responsibilities are mandated to users of free software.
• You can read more about the “philosophy” of free software — and find a great deal of documentation and software packages available for download — at theFree Software Foundation (FSF) Web site.
• TheIBM Public License (IPL) is also a free software license. It was created with the help of FSF founder Richard Stallman.

What can I do with Linux?

Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. Firefox features include tabbed browsing, a spell checker, incremental find, live bookmarking, a download manager, and an integrated search system that uses the user’s desired search engine (Google by default in most localization). Functions can be added through add-ons, created by third-party developers.

For Download click here

2) Opera

Opera is a web browser and internet suite developed by the Opera Software company. Opera handles common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing contacts, IRC online chatting, downloading files via BitTorrent, and reading web feeds. Opera is offered free of charge for personal computers and mobile phones, but for other devices it must be paid for.

Features of Opera include tabbed browsing, page zooming, mouse gestures, and an integrated download manager. Its security features include built-in phishing and malware protection, strong encryption when browsing secure web sites, and the ability to easily delete private data such as cookies and browsing history by simply clicking a button.

For Download click here

3) Sea Monkey

SeaMonkey is a free, open source, and cross-platform Internet suite. It is the continuation of the former Mozilla Application Suite, based on the same source code. SeaMonkey consists of a web browser (SeaMonkey Navigator), which is a descendant of the Netscape family, an e-mail and news client program (SeaMonkey Mail & Newsgroups, which shares code with Mozilla Thunderbird), an HTML editor (SeaMonkey Composer) and an IRC client (ChatZilla).

“suiterunner” is an internal code-name for the future version of SeaMonkey based on the “new toolkit”, i.e. the same backend code already used by Firefox, Sunbird and for the most part also Thunderbird. The name is intentionally derived from “XULRunner”, as the long-term goal of this project is to make SeaMonkey a XULRunner-based application.

For Download click here

4) Galeon

Galeon is a web browser for GNOME based on Mozilla’s Gecko layout engine. Galeon’s self-declared mission was to deliver “the web and only the web.”At the time of Galeon’s creation, the most popular web browsers, including Netscape, Mozilla, and Internet Explorer, were large multi-functional programs. This made them slow to start and often impractical due to their high memory usage and processor requirements. Galeon was the first mainstream graphical web browser which specifically focused on the reduction of peripheral functionality. Galeon is also notable for introducing “Smart Bookmarks,” bookmarks that take an argument and can be used as toolbar buttons with a text field used to enter the value for the argument.

For Download click here

5) Epiphany

Epiphany is the web browser for the GNOME desktop. Its goal is to be simple and easy to use. Epiphany ties together many GNOME components in order to let you focus on the Web content, instead of the browser application. As part of the GNOME project, Epiphany is Free Software.

Epiphany displays webpages with the same speed and accuracy as other popular browsers, such as Safari or Firefox. In addition, it provides an elegant, responsive and uncomplicated user interface that fits in perfectly with GNOME, and it has been translated to over sixty languages!

Security – Epiphany shows you clearly if the information you enter on a webpage is transmitted securely. It can block popup windows, refuse cookies from untrusted sites and store your passwords in a safe place. With Epiphany, you can rest assured that your online privacy is being guarded.Customizable user interface,Smart bookmarks and Extensions and plugins

For more Info

6) Konqueror

Konqueror is a web browser, file manager and file viewer designed as a core part of the K Desktop Environment. It is developed by volunteers and can run on most Unix-like operating systems. Konqueror, along with the rest of the components in the KDEBase package, is licensed and distributed under the GNU General Public License.

Futures

1. HTML 4.01 compliance.
2. ECMAscript 262 support (JavaScript). Notice that ECMAscript can still give problems because websites can detect browsers and choose to ignore Konqueror. Spoofing as another browser will often make sites work anyway.
3. Ability to house Java applets.
4. Cascading Style Sheets:
* CSS 1: supported
* CSS 2.1: supported (paged media only partially supported)
* CSS 3 Selectors: supported
* CSS 3 (other)
5. DOM1, DOM2 and partially DOM3 support in ECMAScript and native C++ bindings.
6. Full support for bidirectional scripts (arabic and hebrew).
7. SSL support (requires OpenSSL).

Click here For download

7) Kazehakase

Kazehakase (Japanese: 風博士) is a web browser for Unix-like operating systems that uses the GTK+ libraries. Kazehakase embeds the Gecko layout engine as well as GTK+ WebKit. However, the author also plans to add the ability to switch between additional different rendering engines (e.g. GtkHTML, Dillo, w3m). The browser is named after the short story Kazehakase by Japanese author Sakaguchi Ango. Kazehakase is free software available under the GNU General Public License.

Features

Notable features include:

* Support for RSS as well as its Japanese variants LIRS and HINA-DI
* Drag-and-drop of browser tabs
* Mouse gestures
* Import of bookmarks from Mozilla Firefox, Mozilla Application Suite, Netscape Browser, Galeon, Konqueror, and w3m; shared bookmarks (with XBEL)
* “Smart Bookmarks” programmable with regular expressions
* Full text search in browser history

Midori

Midori (緑?, Japanese for green) is a web browser that aims to be lightweight and fast. It uses the WebKit rendering engine and the GTK+ 2 interface. Midori is part of the Xfce desktop environment’s Goodies component.[2] As of February 2009, the project is still at alpha status.

Though Midori has been known for frequent crashes in the past, the 0.1.7 release has made crashes very infrequent and the browser overall more stable.

Features

* Full integration with GTK+ 2.
* Fast rendering with WebKit.
* Tabs, windows and session management.
* Supports Netscape Extensions
* Flexibly configurable Web Search.
* User scripts and user styles support.
* Straightforward bookmark management.
* Customizable and extensible interface.
* Extension modules can be written in C; bindings to Lua and/or Python are planned for the future.

Midori 0.1.6 passing the Acid3 Test

Midori passes the Acid3 test

Among the latest features are:

* toggle full image zoom
* graphically add and remove items from the toolbar
* there is a plugin panel
* the sidepanel can be moved to the right side
* internationalized domain names are supported
* a mouse gestures extension
* integration with Maemo if you’re on a mobile device
* find as you type.
* Extension Activation/Deactivation
* Speed Dial
* Feed Panel so you can access feeds in Midori

9) Netsurf

NetSurf is an open source web browser which runs on a variety of platforms including RISC OS, Linux, AmigaOS and Unix-like systems. NetSurf has features that include tabbed browsing, text selection and PDF export.

10)Google Chrome for Linux

Download here

Clickherefor Download the openoffice 3.2 binary package

Step 2

Untar the packages and run ./setup

Step by step screen shots given below

http://www.linux-mag.com/cache/7793/1.html